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Astrology played an important part in Medieval medicine. Most astrologers were respected scholars. They believed that the movements of the stars influenced events on earth, including the workings of the human body. Doctors sometimes carried special almanacs containing star charts, allowing them to check the positions of the stars before making a diagnosis. Ancient astrological studies were translated from Arabic to Latin around the 12th and 13th centuries. They soon became important in everyday medical practice as doctors combined knowledge inherited from the Greeks with astrology. By the end of the 1500s, physicians would calculate the position of the moon before carrying out complicated medical procedures, such as surgery or bleeding.
Source of picture: Wikipedia